Beginning in 2010, Keio launched the Medical School Physician Researcher Development Program. This program, known as the MD-PhD Program, is aimed at educating the next generation of physician-scientist leaders. Each year, six third-year medical students are selected to participate in lectures in the graduate school and perform research in graduate school laboratories. After graduating from the undergraduate program and receiving a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree, these students can advance to Keio's PhD program and graduate with a PhD in Medicine in three years (for a total of nine years). In addition to carrying out top-class research, students benefit from a mentor system that provides career support and advice to allow them to realize their full potential as researchers by taking advantage of links with many outstanding international institutions. The program is carried out in close collaboration with our partner institutions, such as Saitama Medical University and RIKEN.